Forbidden Science Dispatches #7A

Christopher “Kit” Green, Biological & Chemical Warfare, Yellow Rain, Cattle Mutilations, and the MKULTRA-ish in the CIA's Life Sciences Division

Look in the Table of Discontents for prior Forbidden Science Dispatches.

Christopher Canfield Green, colloquially known as “Kit” to everyone within the UFO sphere, is one of those figures that seems to crop up wherever one looks. A longtime CIA employee and intelligence contractor, Green is a medical doctor with a particular interest in military medicine, brain imaging, biomedical science, and chemical and biological warfare. He has ample ties to the Hal Puthoff/John Alexander wing of the UFO spook brigade, meaning one can find Green lurking in the backdrop of many different ufological moments in history. His reputation in the subculture is strong enough to be assigned the “Blue Jay” moniker as a member of the mythologized “Aviary” of UFO lore. This omnipresence is exemplified in the journals of Jacques Vallée, where Green is a recurring character and close associate of the venture capitalist as he navigates the UFO scene of the 1970s, 80s, and beyond. The relationship between them is fascinating, likely caused by Vallée’s own oscillating opinions about the U.S. intelligence community when it came to UFOs or other paranormal subjects. Likewise, in dealings with Green, Vallée ranges from close cordiality to inherent distrust—albeit maybe not at a personal level. For instance, after one heavy disagreement with the CIA doctor, Vallée declared: “I have cured myself of the fascination I once felt for the Intelligence community. The realization came when I observed how easily they were fooled by others and fooled themselves.”¹

One of the most thought-provoking moments regarding Green came on March 16^th, 1986, where Vallée recounted meeting with him “in San Francisco (…) wearing the presidential Medal of Intelligence at his buttonhole.” Allegedly, “he received it from Reagan for his work on ‘Yellow Rain’ in Indochina.”² This type of work would make sense if Green’s CV—at least one version from 2007—is accurate, where his employment with the Central Intelligence Agency is self-reported to involve the “study of chemical weapons and attempts to determine, from medical symptoms and sample analysis, new agents being used by the Soviets and their surrogates.”³ The Yellow Rain allegations are a now-forgotten U.S. intelligence scare regarding reports of U.S. troops and Hmong civilians being exposed to chemical weapons during the Vietnam War. Alexander Haig, the Secretary of State under Reagan, alleged in 1982 that the Soviets had provided trichothecene toxins (or T-2s) to various U.S.S.R.-friendly nations in order to engage in illegal chemical warfare against America and their allies in the region.⁴

While the Vallée journal entry does not elaborate upon just how Green contributed to Yellow Rain research, an overview of a paper he coauthored in the Journal of Forensic Sciences was included in Meselson and Robinson’s 2008 essay “The Yellow Rain Affair”:

The U.S. assessment that the yellow-rain-like substance was a chemical-warfare agent was repeated in a 1985 article co-authored by Christopher Green, the CIA official in the Agency’s Directorate of Intelligence who chaired the CBW/Toxin Use Working Group, an inter-agency body formed to coordinate U.S. investigations of the CBW allegations. According to the article, “Aerial attacks, usually by spray, dispersed yellow to yellow-brown liquid or semi-solid particles that fell and sometimes sounded like rain when striking thatched rooftops.”⁵

Green’s claim to a presidential medal from this work becomes more noteworthy from this short excerpt, given that he was advocating for now largely discredited conclusions—conclusions that also happened to be the CIA line on the matter. Grant Evans, an anthropologist with a focus on Laos, noted on the yellow rain topic: “It is difficult not to interpret the dissemination of the poison-gassing story by the ex-CIA Hmong leadership as some kind of conspiracy by them, in league with their former paymasters, to mislead world opinion.”⁶ Indeed, Green’s published research—performed as a CIA representative—came well after serious doubts had been raised in the yellow rain case, a research expedition in 1984 finding that bee excrement was a more likely explanation.⁷ Evans also remarks that there is sufficient cause to be “wary of the fact that the US has not seriously investigated whether the Hmong could be describing attacks by riot-control gases or defoliants,” both used extensively by the U.S. in other parts of the region in the years prior.⁸ Nevertheless, Green gives the conclusion that everyone within the U.S. military wanted to hear: The yellow rain was indeed a chemical weapon, likely used by the dastardly Soviets, and definitely not bee pollen or the residual effects of U.S. warfare in the area.⁹ Covert Action Information Bulletin would go so far as to say the U.S. “faked” the data in the Summer 1982 edition, calling Green “the CIA’s point man” in the whole affair.¹⁰

Pringle, Peter. “Yellow rain: war weapon or natural irritant?” Waterloo Region Record. 31 March 1983. https://www.newspapers.com/article/waterloo-region-record/163956300/.

Many unsettling questions have surrounded the biomedical scientist’s CIA background, even vague rumblings that he was involved MKULTRA-adjacent research. No evidence of activities of this nature will be printed in plain black and white, but certain elements of Green’s resumé (if fully accurate) give these rumors more substance. Some speculation is required here as classified programs—true to their name—have spotty public documentation, even going back to the early 1960s. MKULTRA in particular saw the vast majority of its records intentionally destroyed and its existence is largely known through leftover financial documents and first person testimony.¹¹ Its successor programs, many shelved after the horrors of MKULTRA came to public attention, are similarly classified or intentionally obscured. However, through unpacking the genealogy of various CIA departments tasked with following the path carved by MKULTRA, one can make assumptions and inferences regarding Green’s proximity to the program.

Returning to his CV, Green states that he was an “analyst with the Life Sciences Division” of the Central Intelligence Agency, having later roles within the Office of Scientific and Weapons Intelligence.¹² The Life Sciences Division is described in an internal 1977 CIA document as a branch that:

Conducts all-source research, analysis, and finished intelligence production on foreign biological and chemical warfare, developments in the life science in foreign countries, including the biomedical aspects of spaceflight systems and the behavioral sciences, [REDACTED].¹³

While one might shudder to think what those redacted lines might contain, it is also clear that the stated roles of the division are in line with what Green claimed to do as part of the Agency—Yellow Rain included. The Life Sciences Division itself also has uncomfortable possible lineage to MKULTRA, elevating those spooky rumors about Green above mere hearsay. There are definite similarities in the missions of the LSD of the late 1970s and the CIA’s earlier Office of Research and Development (ORD). This organization, covering a broad swath of research areas, was created as “an office that would look several years into the future, investing in research and development activities that might pay dividends for collectors or analysts in five or ten years.”¹⁴ This no holds barred approach to discovering potential military technology and intelligence gathering tools was shared with MKULTRA.

In fact, ORD is the closest direct successor to the research done by Sidney Gottlieb for the Technical Services Division. Gottlieb is now most famous for ethically dubious LSD-dosing experiments, the suspicious death of Fort Detrick chemist Frank Olson, contracting out other MKULTRA research, and for eventually destroying the bulk of the documents related to the project at the behest of CIA Director Richard Helms.¹⁵ While with the Chemical Division of the Technical Services Staff of the CIA, Gottlieb attempted to unlock the secrets of mind control in some of the Agency’s most blatant abuses to reach the public consciousness. These ethical failings are recorded in depth elsewhere (check the footnotes for good sources) but the reader should note that Gottlieb was a specialist in chemical weapons, poisons, and assassinations.

Former Office of Scientific Intelligence Director Dr. Stephen Aldrich was tasked with continuing Gottlieb’s endeavors in the mid-to-late 60s, all while being keenly aware of the research that had taken place before his tenure. Nevertheless, as John Marks writes in The Search for the Manchurian Candidate: “ORD officials kept probing for ways to control human behavior, and they were doing so with space-age technology that made the days of MKULTRA look like the horse-and-buggy era.”¹⁶ It was under the new leadership of Aldrich that many studies which would have been conducted under the auspices of Technical Services Division moved to ORD. Like these research projects, staff also made the transition from one department to the other: “ORD began work (…) with a staff of three individuals transferred from the technical services division—one person for each of its divisions (Research, Systems, Analysis).”¹⁷

Reflecting its adoption of mind control-oriented projects, “creating amnesia remained a ‘big goal’ for the ORD”—an objective that was key in even the earliest incarnations of the MKULTRA program (seen more recently in Jeffrey Kaye’s Hidden Histories article “The Unknown Story of CIA's MK-DECOY & ‘Subproject 61’”).¹⁸ These interests also align with some of Green’s own, such as his stated research into brain imaging and biochemical functioning¹⁹ or more recent forays into the brain injuries of UFO experiencers.²⁰ In the latter of these areas of study, it is worth noting that Green did not “think it's a guy with slanty eyes from far, far away in his shape-shifting universe” that was causing these injuries, but rather “human technologies” emitting microwaves or other forms of radiation.²¹

ORD also had an ostensible “life sciences” division, a group that Marks compares directly to MKULTRA’s Human Ecology Fund—the front organization that provided researchers with CIA grants that had plausible deniability baked in. The “life sciences” group within ORD was apparently similar:

Located outside Boston, it was called the Scientific Engineering Institute, and Agency officials had set it up originally in 1956 as a proprietary company to do research on radar and other technical matters that had nothing to do with human behavior. (…) In the early 1960s, ORD officials decided to bring it into the behavioral field and built a new wing to the Institute’s modernistic building for the “life sciences.” They hired a group of behavioral and medical scientists who were allowed to carry on their own independent research as long as it met Institute standards. These scientists were available to consult with frequent visitors from Washington, and they were encouraged to take long lunches in the Institute’s dining room where they mixed with the physical scientists and brainstormed about virtually everything.²²

It is not made abundantly clear if the “life sciences” portion of ORD was directly related to Kit Green’s position at the CIA, not helped by the fact that Green does not mention which CIA office the Life Sciences Division operated under. However, definite overlaps exist between Green’s research areas and the work conducted by ORD in the “life sciences” field. These include studies into psychics and psi abilities, irradiated bacteria strains, and further chemical tests on human and animal subjects through Project OFTEN.²³

ORD head Stephen Aldrich’s obituary states that he “created and managed the first national life sciences program in scientific intelligence” and, assuming all of this was under the ORD umbrella, Green’s descriptions of the “Life Sciences Division” of the CIA could indeed fit into this niche.²⁴ It is not impossible that redundant divisions would exist under different directorates, but given Green’s predilection for the fringe and cutting edge, the ORD’s “life sciences” group aligned with his scientific and personal interests. Amidst several reorganizations and expansions of the Life Sciences Division, Green joined the CIA in 1969. An internal CIA history of ORD from that timeframe looks at research conducted by the LSD—at this point split into two arms, Biological Sciences and Medical & Behavioral Sciences:

The Biological Sciences Division was assigned responsibility for programs in animal studies, biotechnology, [REDACTED] and advanced concept feasibility studies. (…)

Research projects initiated by the Life Sciences Group and continued by the Medical and Behavioral Sciences Division were polygraph program, stress measurement support, baseline stress measurements, vulnerabilities of special behavioral groups, hypnotic susceptibility and biological effects [REDACTED].²⁵

Green’s medical background could have been of use to either of these two groups and, again, there are stray indications that this office was indeed his place of employment within the CIA. These two LSD subdivisions also are precisely where the bulk of continued MKULTRA projects wound up. According to John Marks, the most Gottlieb-esque ORD research did not come to a halt until 1973 in the wake of the Watergate scandal. If Green was not involved in some project within an MKULTRA successor program, he would have come perilously close.

The role of the CIA’s Life Sciences Division as described in an internal 1977 organizational document. (https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP81B00701R000200230001-7.pdf)

In a 2006 article from Wayne State University School of Medicine’s publication Scribe—helpfully included within the CV—Green explains some of his work as director of the school’s Emergent Technologies Research Division. While the article focuses on his research into brain imaging, there is a more concrete claim which, to my knowledge, has not been discussed in depth elsewhere: “Dr. Green once ran the CIA’s polygraph testing unit, so he is aware of precise changes in a person’s body as he or she tries to conceal information or deceive. He knows what nonverbal cues suggest suspicious activity.”²⁶ Working on polygraph testing, especially within the CIA’s Life Sciences unit, places Green directly within ORD’s Medical and Behavioral Sciences group. Further than this, CIA research into polygraph tests was among the many endeavors inherited from the MKULTRA days, with Subproject 86 focusing on “development of biological response recorders” such as the “polygraph (or) EEG.”²⁷ Polygraph research also came into play in at least two other subprojects.²⁸ Even Green’s modern day brain imaging research looks at the potential defense applications of neuroimaging, not far removed from trying to interpret deception via a polygraph.²⁹ The polygraph element also recalls Cleve Backster, CIA interrogator and plant conversationalist, who was friends with other UFO spooks such as Hal Puthoff and John B. Alexander—both acquaintances and collaborators with Kit Green.

Adding to this speculation, Green also worked at Porton Down to perform forensic analysis in the 1978 assassination of Bulgarian defector Georgi Markov. In a scenario right out of a Sidney Gottlieb plot, the murder seemed to be committed with an umbrella which released a ricin capsule into the target after a quick jab in the thigh. Sterling Seagrave reported that “at Porton, a team of the world's foremost specialists in forensic medicine, including (…) Dr. Christopher Green of the Central Intelligence Agency, studied the tissue and the pellet.”³⁰ Porton Down is now relatively infamous for being the locale where MI5 and MI6 engaged in LSD testing mirroring that conducted by the CIA in America. Rumors of collaboration between the two intelligence agencies have been speculated upon, hazily corroborated, and generally assumed.³¹ Green’s presence at the notorious facility does nothing to dispel the possibilities of team efforts in any number of intelligence matters.

Further MKULTRA-adjacent research was apparently of interest to Green after his CIA tenure. In a 1993 article for Defense Electronics, Green was listed among attendees of “a series of closed meetings” between Dr. Igor Smirnov of the Moscow Medical Academy and a gaggle of Department of Defense officials. Among the topics broached at this meeting was the then-ongoing Waco standoff, with governmental entities inquiring about using “acoustic mind control” technology developed by Smirnov to encourage David Koresh to give up the ghost. The plot involved a device that was “allegedly capable of implanting thoughts in a person’s mind without that person being aware of the source of the thought.”³² This tech is highly-touted within the article which notes that several different military branches expressed interest. Although it is possible that Smirnov was a bit of a crank: The FBI declined to use his impressive device during the Waco siege despite the scientist’s “almost mystical powers of persuasion.”³³

Nevertheless, Smirnov’s notion of “psychoecology” represents a Soviet parallel to the CIA’s Human Ecology Fund—an MKULTRA-esque enterprise on the other side of the Iron Curtain. Green’s presence at these meetings may indicate that mind control was one of his pet interests and raises further questions about his relationship with the DoD after his CIA tenure. After all, his attendance at the Smirnov talks was not on behalf of General Motors, his employer at the time. Instead, he clarified through a GM spokesperson that he was representing the National Academy of Sciences. While there were indeed non-military participants, the presence of officials from the FBI, CIA, DIA, and ARPA signals who the target audience was. One wonders if this meeting had anything to do with Green’s constant contract work for various military organizations after he had left the CIA or if it was a continuation of work similar to that done under their auspices.

Another key factor to consider is that throughout the MKULTRA program and subsequent research, a major motivator was “the notion that the Soviets were ahead of the United States in developing new forms of warfare”—whether that be mind control or chemical and biological warfare.³⁴ Perhaps Green was checking in to see what the Soviets had accomplished. In his prior experience with the Markov assassination or the analysis of Yellow Rain, he saw a Cold War enemy using highly sophisticated warfare technologies—even though the possibility exists that innate fear was coloring the picture in some instances. He has purportedly admitted to examining Soviet mind control tech for the CIA in an email sent to an Above Top Secret forum user (ellipses and emphases not mine):

I DID assess CLAIMED Foreign (Soviet, PRC, and Eastern Bloc) research in "mind control" from about 1970 through 1985 when I left the Agency. I never, ever, found any credible evidence of any work by them either...lots of garbage, lots of claimed results, lots of hokey machines with flashing lights and loud sounds...but never anything I was willing to say I thought was a threat to the National Security of the United States.³⁵

More head-scratching recollections and denials are included within this email, such as Green admitting to meeting Sidney Gottlieb himself “briefly twice in 1971.” He cites Gottlieb as the one exception to his claim to have “never, in any way(,) manner(,) shape(,) or form been involved in ‘Mind Control’ research”—nor did he know personally any other individuals within the Agency who had participated in these studies.³⁶ He also mentions meeting Jolyon “Jolly” West:

(West) has been claimed to have been involved in Mind Control research on the web. It is a lie, in my personal opinion. He said he was not, and I believed him. I worked with him for many years after I left Government full-time employment, from about 1987 until he died a few years ago. A more ethical and honorable physician I have never met. I am in good company to be accused of false things like being involved in “Mind Control.” He was too busy at Harvard Medical School being the Chair at the time...so I suspect that is made up.³⁷

Jolly West was most certainly involved in ostensible mind control research, a fact which is well documented in Wendy S. Painting’s Aberration in the Heartland of the Real or Tom O’Neill’s CHAOS. West specifically “advised the CIA about the creation of multiple personalities through hypnosis,” Painting writes. Additionally, and again reminiscent of the charter for the ORD’s Life Science Division, he utilized “post-hypnotic suggestion and amnesia, enhanced by mind-altering drugs like LSD and other methods such as electroshock and in combination with classical operant conditioning.”³⁸ While much of West’s work remains classified, what is known of his endeavors exhibit the the telltale signs classic MKULTRA research. That Green seems to think that the allegations against West were false could indicate a misunderstanding of what is meant by “mind control” research—or it could be intentional obfuscation of classified information. Green admits that he can be “less than complete (…) often (…) about classified materials(,) but always (…) consistent with the truth even if less detailed.”³⁹ Rubbing shoulders with Gottlieb and West, even if circumstantial, conveys the CIA environment that Green was employed within.

With a past allegiance to the Company in mind, (along with a work history not as far removed from mind control research as Green seems to think,) it is essential to consider what Green was doing within the ufological community. There is a tendency to separate the day jobs of figures in the intelligence community from their outside hobbies, but an overlap is not out of the question—especially when the topics may serve the interest of military organizations. DoD investigations into the paranormal are not uncommon, but their engagement with civilian researchers can tend to get spooky, leaving open the possibility of covert activities.

Vallée interacted with Green at regular intervals, but found himself frustrated by Green’s response to the cattle mutilation issue, noting at one point that his CIA friend reached “the absurd conclusion that (…) mutilation reports that are not simple misinterpretations of predator actions are the product of schizophrenia in witnesses.” Often speaking with witnesses directly, Vallée emphasizes that “there are no (schizophrenia) symptoms among the people (he’s) interviewed in the field.”⁴⁰ He was even further baffled by Green putting forth the suggestion that covens of witches had been responsible for some of the surgically cut livestock.⁴¹ Vallée writes in 1979: “My latest discussions with Kit have left me puzzled. His well-trained mind refuses the evidence of animal mutilations.”⁴²

Nevertheless, Vallée indicates that Green had hired Ken Rommel, a former FBI agent, to investigate the cattle mute issue—an investigation that is covered in depth in Weird Reads with Emily Louise’s excellent video on the history of Dulce alien base rumors. At a basic level, Rommel was a former counterespionage specialist whose report dismissed the strangeness of the mutilations and criticized the prior investigations of the phenomenon. While accusations of a cover-up can tend to be overblown, often decrying that UFOs or alien activity were being hidden by the government, it is generally accepted that Rommel did not look at the strangest cases. Even worse for the pro-mute crowd was the fact that the violent incidents had become few and far between once he started his investigations. Rommel’s final conclusions in many ways matched those of Kit Green, who tended to pooh-pooh the subject when brought up with Vallée. “I'm led to the conclusion that I find no evidence for the phenomenon for the simple reason that there isn't any phenomenon,” Green remarked to Vallée in August 1979.⁴³

Disconcertingly, Green’s private interest in unexplained phenomena was not the only possible impetus for Rommel’s hiring in the cattle mutilation investigation. Instead, it seems that the CIA was feasibly footing the bill. Vallée remarks that either Green or Rommel “is spending his time and much CIA money in New Mexico” on their quest to prove their natural predator theory.⁴⁴ Yet, later on in 1980, Vallée says that he only “suspect(s)” Rommel “to be funded by Kit at the CIA”—less of a surefire assumption.⁴⁵ Regardless, Rommel being brought in by the CIA to whitewash the cattle mutilation issue is a potential scenario that needs to be thought about closely, if only because Green was purportedly the person to bring him on board. If Agency money was behind the investigation, this fact was certainly obscured from the public—Rommel’s final report was published under the banner of the New Mexico Criminal Justice Department. With Green’s employment by the Life Sciences Division of the CIA and his work in chemical and biological warfare, a clear-cut conflict of interest arises when dealing with the mysterious deaths of livestock. Were some sort of weapons tests in the New Mexico desert being hidden intentionally? Were previous nuclear tests responsible for some lingering effects that needed to stay hushed up? Was the investigation focused on denying the phenomenon at large while leaving the most damning cases untouched? With the type of work being done within the CIA throughout the time period, sometimes in Green’s home department, there are many ways in which the Company is the last entity to be trusted in the cattle mute issue.

Indeed, Green’s background and sometimes odd behavior within the UFO sphere should elicit more questions. As time progresses year by year within the journals, Vallée continues to have moments of exasperation or befuddlement seeing Green’s approach to the subject matter, especially after Vallée has presented a good chunk of his research and evidence. Stranger still, Green has contacts and high security clearances but does not seem to know any more on the subject than Vallée. The two researchers appear to share the same curiousness, but at certain moments Vallée feels as though they are speaking a different language. From an entry written January 6^th, 1975: “It seems unlikely to me that governments would know the answer. Their own investigators, like Kit, either belong to services that keep looking for the wrong thing, or get sidetracked by the first weird claim that comes along.”⁴⁶ It is worth inquiring whether this sidetracking is intentional, not because of whimsical notions or government ineptitude, but rather for the purposes of intelligence gathering or other operations—possibly with Vallée as an occasional target. Were there reasons beyond curiosity that incited Green to “talk(…) to every ufologist worth his salt” and collect all the information he could muster on the UFO subject?⁴⁷

A second part to this dispatch will delve into this possibility.

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1. Vallée, Jacques. Forbidden Science 2: California Hermetica – The Journals of Jacques Vallée 1970-1979. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2008. Page 486. Available here.

2. Vallée, Jacques. Forbidden Science 3: On the Trail of Hidden Truths – The Journals of Jacques Vallée 1980-1989. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2012. Page 228. Available here.

3. Green, Christopher Canfield. “Curriculum Vitae.” 20 November 2007. https://www.johnclarkson.com.au/images/downloads/DrGreen_Article.pdf.

4. Evans, Grant. The Yellow Rainmakers: Are Chemical Weapons Being Used in Southeast Asia? London: Verso Editions, 1983. Page 10.

5. Mendelson, Matthew S. and Julian Perry Robinson. “The Yellow Rain Affair: Lessons from a Discredited Allegation.” War, Terrorism, or Disease?: Unraveling the Use of Biological Weapons, ed. Anne L. Clunan, Peter R. Lavoy, and Susan B. Martin. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008. Page 75.

6. Evans, Grant. The Yellow Rainmakers: Are Chemical Weapons Being Used in Southeast Asia? London: Verso Editions, 1983. Page 173.

7. Marcus, Ruth. “Scientists say ‘yellow rain’ is really bee excrement.” The Courier-Journal (Louisville). 31 March 1984. https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal/162924437/.

8. Evans, Grant. The Yellow Rainmakers: Are Chemical Weapons Being Used in Southeast Asia? London: Verso Editions, 1983. Page 173.

9. While I do not have access to the original paper that Green coauthored, the abstract and citations can be found here: https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/forensicsciences/article-abstract/30/2/317/1181454/The-Incident-at-Tuol-Chrey-Pathologic-and.

10. Wolf, Louis. “This Side of Nuclear War: The Pentagon’s Other Option.” Covert Action Information Bulletin, no. 17. Summer 1982. Page 10-11. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP90-00845R000100180005-3.pdf.

11. Marks, John D. The Search for the “Manchurian Candidate”: The CIA and Mind Control. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1979. Page 228.

12. Green, Christopher Canfield. “Curriculum Vitae.” 20 November 2007. https://www.johnclarkson.com.au/images/downloads/DrGreen_Article.pdf.

13. Central Intelligence Agency. “Directorate of Intelligence: Organizational Structure and Functions.” DDI Plans and Programs Staff, February 1977. Page 19. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP81B00701R000200230001-7.pdf.

14. Richelson, Jeffrey T. The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Boulder: Westview Press, 2001. Page 45.

15. Marks, John D. The Search for the “Manchurian Candidate”: The CIA and Mind Control. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1979. Page 219-220.

16. Ibid., page 224.

17. Richelson, Jeffrey T. The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Boulder: Westview Press, 2001. Page 45.

18. Marks, John D. The Search for the “Manchurian Candidate”: The CIA and Mind Control. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1979. Page 225.

19. Green, Christopher Canfield. “Curriculum Vitae.” 20 November 2007. https://www.johnclarkson.com.au/images/downloads/DrGreen_Article.pdf.

20. Brewer, Jack. “The UFO Injury Study That Wasn’t.” The UFO Trail. 12 April 2022. http://ufotrail.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-ufo-injury-study-that-wasnt.html.

21. Ibid.

22. Marks, John D. The Search for the “Manchurian Candidate”: The CIA and Mind Control. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1979. Page 225-226.

23. Ibid., page 226-227.

24. “Stephen Linwood Aldrich.” Find a Grave. 4 January 2014. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/122778150/stephen_linwood_aldrich. (Of possible note is that both Aldrich and Green were alumni of Northwestern University and both left the CIA to transition to medical consultant jobs in the private sector—Green with General Motors and Aldrich with Caterpillar Tractor Company.)

25. Central Intelligence Agency. “History of the Office of Research and Development, Volumes 1 through 6.” 1969. https://www.governmentattic.org/27docs/HistCIAofcRandDvols1-6_1969.pdf.

26. “Generation-after-next technology explores the person within the brain.” Scribe. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Spring 2006. Page 4. Reprinted here: https://www.johnclarkson.com.au/images/downloads/DrGreen_Article.pdf.

27. Ross, Colin A. The C.I.A. Doctors: Human Rights Violations by American Psychiatrists. Richardson: Manitou Communications, 2006. Page 292.

28. Linville, Tani M. “Project MKULTRA and the Search for Mind Control: Clandestine Use of LSD Within the CIA.” History Capstone Research Papers. Cedarville University, 2016. http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/history_capstones/6.

29. Genik III, Richard, Christopher Green, and David C. Peters II. “Functional Neuroimaging in Defense Policy.” Bio-Inspired Innovation and National Security, ed. Robert E. Armstrong, Mark D. Drapeau, Cheryl A. Loeb, and James J. Valdes. Washington D.C.: National Defense University Press, 2010. Chapter 16. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/Books/bio-inspired.pdf. (Note: Fellow UFO Working Group member John B. Alexander also writes a chapter of this collection, focusing on biological warfare of all things.)

See also:

National Research Council. Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2008. https://doi.org/10.17226/12177.

Or, more speculatively:

Krishnan, Armin. Military Neuroscience and the Coming Age of Neurowarfare. New York: Routledge, 2017. https://www.routledge.com/Military-Neuroscience-and-the-Coming-Age-of-Neurowarfare/Krishnan/p/book/9781138361447.

30. Seagrave, Sterling. Yellow Rain: A Journey through the Terror of Chemical Warfare. New York: M. Evans and Company, 1981. Page 169.

31. Evans, Rob. “Drugged and duped.” The Guardian. 14 March 2002. https://www.theguardian.com/education/2002/mar/14/research.highereducation.

32. “DOD, Intel Agencies Look at Russian Mind Control Technology, Claims FBI Considered Testing on Koresh.” Defense Electronics. 1 July 1993. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00792R000600150001-5.pdf.

33. Weinberger, Sharon. “The Weird Russian Mind-Control Research Behind a DHS Contract.” Wired. 20 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20160615104115/http://www.wired.com/2007/09/mind-reading/?currentPage=all.

34. De Jong, Alex. “The True Story of MK-Ultra and the CIA Mad Scientist.” Jacobin. October 2020. https://jacobin.com/2020/10/cia-brainwashing-program-mk-ultra-sidney-gottlieb.

35. Springer. “The FACTS... NOTHING changed NOTHING altered...” 28 November 2006. Comment on the online forum post “Is ATS and UFOlogy a playground for Government mind control researchers?” Above Top Secret. https://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread235196/pg3#pid2648370. (While I am loathe to cite an Above Top Secret forum post, this email is likely real given that Green himself was an active participant within the forum—to such an extent that he appears in a news segment produced by the group.)

36. Ibid.

37. Ibid.

38. Painting, Wendy S. Aberration in the Heartland of the Real: The Secret Lives of Tim McVeigh. Walterville: TrineDay, 2016. Page 437-438.

39. Springer. “The FACTS... NOTHING changed NOTHING altered...” 28 November 2006. Comment on the online forum post “Is ATS and UFOlogy a playground for Government mind control researchers?” Above Top Secret. https://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread235196/pg3#pid2648370.

40. Vallée, Jacques. Forbidden Science 2: California Hermetica – The Journals of Jacques Vallée 1970-1979. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2008. Page 485-486.

41. Ibid., page 428.

42. Ibid., page 479.

43. Ibid.

44. Ibid., page 481.

45. Vallée, Jacques. Forbidden Science 3: On the Trail of Hidden Truths – The Journals of Jacques Vallée 1980-1989. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2012. Page 18.

46. Vallée, Jacques. Forbidden Science 2: California Hermetica – The Journals of Jacques Vallée 1970-1979. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2008. Page 280.

47. Ibid., page 295.